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Mapping Structural Alterations of the Corpus Callosum during Brain Development and Degeneration

Source: 2002 Aug;.
Author: Thompson PM, Narr KL, Blanton RE, Toga AW.

Abstract:
In this chapter, we review current neuroimaging research on the structure of the corpus callosum, which is the main fiber tract connecting the two brain hemispheres, consisting of approximately 200-350 million fibers in man (Aboitiz et al., 1992a,b). The rapid growth in brain imaging technologies has been matched by an extraordinary increase in the number of investigations focusing on analyzing callosal structure and function. Surgical transection of the callosum in humans provides evidence that it functions to communicate perceptual, cognitive, mnemonic, learned and volitional information between the two brain hemispheres (Bogen et al., 1965). Given the importance of sensory, motor and cognitive callosal relay between hemispheres, it is not surprising that this anatomic region has been a focus of studies examining structural and functional neuropathology.